# groonga - An open-source fulltext search engine and column store.

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# 7.3.31. `logical_count`

## 7.3.31.1. Summary

New in version 5.0.0.

`logical_count` is a command that has only count feature in logical_select. logical_select searches records from multiple tables, outputs the number of matched records, outputs columns of the matched records and so on. `logical_count` only searches records from multiple tables and output the number of matched records.

`logical_count` is useful when you just want the number of matched records. You can use `logical_count` and logical_range_filter at once. You can show the first N matched records before you get the number of matched records. If you use only logical_select, you need to wait finishing all search.

You need to plugin_register `sharding` plugin because this command is included in `sharding` plugin.

## 7.3.31.2. Syntax

This command takes many parameters.

The required parameters are `logical_table` and `shard_key`. Other parameters are optional:

    logical_count
      logical_table
      shard_key
      [min=null]
      [min_border="include"]
      [max=null]
      [max_border="include"]
      [filter=null]
      [post_filter=null]

There are some parameters that can be only used as named parameters. You can’t use these parameters as ordered parameters. You must specify parameter name.

Here are parameters that can be only used as named parameters:

> - `cache=no`

New in version 7.0.9: This command has the following named parameters for dynamic columns:

> - `columns[${NAME}].stage=null`

> - `columns[${NAME}].flags=COLUMN_SCALAR`

> - `columns[${NAME}].type=null`

> - `columns[${NAME}].value=null`

> - `columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys=null`

> - `columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys=null`

You can use one or more alphabets, digits, `_` for `${NAME}`. For example, `column1` is a valid `${NAME}`. This is the same rule as normal column. See also name.

Parameters that have the same `${NAME}` are grouped.

For example, the following parameters specify one dynamic column:

> - `--columns[name].stage initial`

> - `--columns[name].type UInt32`

> - `--columns[name].value 29`

The following parameters specify two dynamic columns:

> - `--columns[name1].stage initial`

> - `--columns[name1].type UInt32`

> - `--columns[name1].value 29`

> - `--columns[name2].stage initial`

> - `--columns[name2].type Float`

> - `--columns[name2].value '_score * 0.1'`

## 7.3.31.3. Usage

Let’s learn about usage with examples. This section shows many popular usages.

You need to register `sharding` plugin because this command is included in `sharding` plugin.

Execution example:

    plugin_register sharding
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]

Note that `logical_count` is implemented as an experimental plugin, and the specification may be changed in the future.

Here is the simple example which shows how to use this feature. Let’s consider to count specified logs which are stored into multiple tables.

Here are a schema definition and sample data to show usage.

Execution example:

    table_create Entries_20150708 TABLE_HASH_KEY ShortText
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150708 created_at COLUMN_SCALAR Time
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150708 content COLUMN_SCALAR Text
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150708 n_likes COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150708 tag COLUMN_SCALAR ShortText
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    table_create Entries_20150709 TABLE_HASH_KEY ShortText
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150709 created_at COLUMN_SCALAR Time
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150709 content COLUMN_SCALAR Text
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150709 n_likes COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Entries_20150709 tag COLUMN_SCALAR ShortText
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    table_create Terms TABLE_PAT_KEY ShortText \
      --default_tokenizer TokenBigram \
      --normalizer NormalizerAuto
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Terms entries_key_index_20150708 \
      COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries_20150708 _key
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Terms entries_content_index_20150708 \
      COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries_20150708 content
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Terms entries_key_index_20150709 \
      COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries_20150709 _key
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    column_create Terms entries_content_index_20150709 \
      COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION Entries_20150709 content
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    load --table Entries_20150708
    [
    {"_key":       "The first post!",
     "created_at": "2015/07/08 00:00:00",
     "content":    "Welcome! This is my first post!",
     "n_likes":    5,
     "tag":        "Hello"},
    {"_key":       "Groonga",
     "created_at": "2015/07/08 01:00:00",
     "content":    "I started to use Groonga. It's very fast!",
     "n_likes":    10,
     "tag":        "Groonga"},
    {"_key":       "Mroonga",
     "created_at": "2015/07/08 02:00:00",
     "content":    "I also started to use Mroonga. It's also very fast! Really fast!",
     "n_likes":    15,
     "tag":        "Groonga"}
    ]
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 3]
    load --table Entries_20150709
    [
    {"_key":       "Good-bye Senna",
     "created_at": "2015/07/09 00:00:00",
     "content":    "I migrated all Senna system!",
     "n_likes":    3,
     "tag":        "Senna"},
    {"_key":       "Good-bye Tritonn",
     "created_at": "2015/07/09 01:00:00",
     "content":    "I also migrated all Tritonn system!",
     "n_likes":    3,
     "tag":        "Senna"}
    ]
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

There are two tables, `Entries_20150708` and `Entries_20150709`, for blog entries.

Note

You need to use `${LOGICAL_TABLE_NAME}_${YYYYMMDD}` naming rule for table names. In this example, `LOGICAL_TABLE_NAME` is `Entries` and `YYYYMMDD` is `20150708` or `20150709`.

An entry has title, created time, content, the number of likes for the entry and tag. Title is key of `Entries_YYYYMMDD`. Created time is value of `Entries_YYYYMMDD.created_at` column. Content is value of `Entries_YYYYMMDD.content` column. The number of likes is value of `Entries_YYYYMMDD.n_likes` column. Tag is value of `Entries_YYYYMMDD.tag` column.

`Entries_YYYYMMDD._key` column and `Entries_YYYYMMDD.content` column are indexed using `TokenBigram` tokenizer. So both `Entries_YYYYMMDD._key` and `Entries_YYYYMMDD.content` are fulltext search ready.

OK. The schema and data for examples are ready.

Here is an example to count the number of records which have `Groonga` or `Senna` in `content` column. `logical_count` searches records over all `Entries_YYYYMMDD` tables.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --filter 'query("content", "Groonga OR Senna")'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

Here are matched records:

> - `_key:"Groonga"` in `Entries_20150708`

> - `_key:"Good-bye Senna"` in `Entries_20150709`

## 7.3.31.4. Parameters

This section describes parameters of this command.

### 7.3.31.4.1. Required parameters

There are required parameters, `logical_table` and `shard_key`.

#### 7.3.31.4.1.1. `logical_table`

Specifies logical table name. It means table name without `_YYYYMMDD` postfix. If you use actual table such as `Logs_20150203`, `Logs_20150203` and so on, logical table name is `Logs`.

You can count all records by specifying only `logical_table` and `shard_key` parameters. They are required parameters.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 5]

If nonexistent table is specified, an error is returned.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Nonexistent \
      --shard_key created_at
    # [
    #   [
    #     -22,
    #     1337566253.89858,
    #     0.000355720520019531,
    #     "[logical_count] no shard exists: logical_table: <Nonexistent>: shard_key: <created_at>",
    #     [
    #       [
    #         "Groonga::Sharding::LogicalCountCommand.run_body",
    #         "/home/horimoto/work/release/groonga/groonga.clean/plugins/sharding/logical_count.rb",
    #         30
    #       ]
    #     ]
    #   ]
    # ]

#### 7.3.31.4.1.2. `shard_key`

Specifies column name which is treated as shared key. Shard key is a column that stores data that is used for distributing records to suitable shards.

Shard key must be `Time` type for now.

See logical_table how to specify `shard_key`.

### 7.3.31.4.2. Optional parameters

There are optional parameters.

#### 7.3.31.4.2.1. `min`

Specifies the minimum value of `shard_key` column. If shard doesn’t have any matched records, the shard isn’t searched.

For example, `min` is `"2015/07/09 00:00:00"`, `Entry_20150708` isn’t searched. Because `Entry_20150708` has only records for `"2015/07/08"`.

The following example only uses `Entry_20150709` table. `Entry_20150708` isn’t used.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --min "2015/07/09 00:00:00"
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

#### 7.3.31.4.2.2. `min_border`

Specifies whether the minimum value is included or not. Here is available values.

Value | Description
--- | ---
`include` | Includes `min` value. This is the default.
`exclude` | Doesn’t include `min` value.

Here is an example for `exclude`. The result doesn’t include the `"Good-bye Senna"` record because its `created_at` value is `"2015/07/09 00:00:00"`.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --min "2015/07/09 00:00:00" \
      --min_border "exclude"
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 1]

#### 7.3.31.4.2.3. `max`

Specifies the maximum value of `shard_key` column. If shard doesn’t have any matched records, the shard isn’t searched.

For example, `max` is `"2015/07/08 23:59:59"`, `Entry_20150709` isn’t searched. Because `Entry_20150709` has only records for `""2015/07/09"`.

The following example only uses `Entry_20150708` table. `Entry_20150709` isn’t used.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --max "2015/07/08 23:59:59"
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 3]

#### 7.3.31.4.2.4. `max_border`

Specifies whether the maximum value is included or not. Here is available values.

Value | Description
--- | ---
`include` | Includes `max` value. This is the default.
`exclude` | Doesn’t include `max` value.

Here is an example for `exclude`. The result doesn’t include the `"Good-bye Senna"` record because its `created_at` value is `"2015/07/09 00:00:00"`.

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --max "2015/07/09 00:00:00" \
      --max_border "exclude"
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 3]

### 7.3.31.4.3. Search related parameters

This command provides select compatible search related parameters.

#### 7.3.31.4.3.1. `filter`

Corresponds to filter in select. See filter for details.

Here is an example:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --filter "n_likes <= 5"
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 3]

#### 7.3.31.4.3.2. `post_filter`

New in version 8.0.1.

Specifies the filter text that is processed after `filtered` stage dynamic columns are generated. You can use `post_filter` to filter by `filtered` stage dynamic columns. Others are the same as filter.

Here is an example that shows entries only in popular tag. All target entries have `system` or `use` words:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].stage filtered \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].type UInt32 \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].value 'window_sum(n_likes)' \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].window.group_keys 'tag' \
      --filter 'content @ "system" || content @ "use"' \
      --post_filter 'n_likes_sum_per_tag > 10' \
      --output_columns _key,n_likes,n_likes_sum_per_tag
    # [[0,1519095081.579662,0.4281206130981445],2]

### 7.3.31.4.4. Dynamic column related parameters

New in version 7.0.9.

All dynamic column related parameters in select are supported. See Dynamic column related parameters for details.

#### 7.3.31.4.4.1. `columns[${NAME}].stage`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].stage in select. See columns[${NAME}].stage for details.

This is a required parameter.

`initial` stage and `filtered` stage are valid. Because there are no processes after `output` stages.

New in version 8.0.1: `filtered` stage is valid since 8.0.1.

Here is an example that creates `is_popular` column at `initial` stage. You can use `is_popular` in all parameters such as `filter`:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[is_popular].stage initial \
      --columns[is_popular].type Bool \
      --columns[is_popular].value 'n_likes >= 10' \
      --filter is_popular
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

#### 7.3.31.4.4.2. `columns[${NAME}].flags`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].flags in select. See columns[${NAME}].flags for details.

The default value is `COLUMN_SCALAR`.

Here is an example that creates a vector column by `COLUMN_VECTOR` flags. `plugin_register functions/vector` is for using vector_new function:

Execution example:

    plugin_register functions/vector
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[vector].stage initial \
      --columns[vector].flags COLUMN_VECTOR \
      --columns[vector].type UInt32 \
      --columns[vector].value 'vector_new(1, 2, 3)' \
      --filter 'vector_size(vector) > 2'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 5]

#### 7.3.31.4.4.3. `columns[${NAME}].type`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].type in select. See columns[${NAME}].type for details.

This is a required parameter.

Here is an example that creates a `ShortText` type column. Stored value is casted to `ShortText` automatically. In this example, number is casted to `ShortText`:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[n_likes_string].stage initial \
      --columns[n_likes_string].type ShortText \
      --columns[n_likes_string].value n_likes \
      --filter 'n_likes_string == "3"'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

#### 7.3.31.4.4.4. `columns[${NAME}].value`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].value in select. See columns[${NAME}].value for details.

You need to specify Window function as `value` value and other window function related parameters when you use window function. See Window function related parameters for details.

This is a required parameter.

Here is an example that creates a new dynamic column that stores the number of characters of content. This example uses string_length function in `functions/string` plugin to compute the number of characters in a string. plugin_register is used to register `functions/string` plugin:

Execution example:

    plugin_register functions/string
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[content_length].stage initial \
      --columns[content_length].type UInt32 \
      --columns[content_length].value 'string_length(content)' \
      --filter 'content_length >= 40'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 2]

### 7.3.31.4.5. Window function related parameters

New in version 7.0.9.

All window function related parameters in select are supported. See Window function related parameters for details.

Note

Window function over multiple tables aren’t supported version 9.0.1 or before. Groonga supported it since version 9.0.2 or later. However, we need to align the same order for shard key and leading group key or sort key.

For example, we can apply the window function to over multiple tables as below case. Because the below example aligns the same order for shard key and leading group key.

The leading group key is `price` and shard key is `timestamp` in the below example. We can apply the window function to over multiple tables in the below example. Because `price` and `timestamp` aligns the same order.

Execution example:

    plugin_register sharding

    table_create Logs_20170415 TABLE_NO_KEY
    column_create Logs_20170415 timestamp COLUMN_SCALAR Time
    column_create Logs_20170415 price COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32
    column_create Logs_20170415 n_likes COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32

    table_create Logs_20170416 TABLE_NO_KEY
    column_create Logs_20170416 timestamp COLUMN_SCALAR Time
    column_create Logs_20170416 price COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32
    column_create Logs_20170416 n_likes COLUMN_SCALAR UInt32

    load --table Logs_20170415
    [
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/15 00:00:00", "n_likes": 2, "price": 100},
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/15 01:00:00", "n_likes": 1, "price": 100},
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/15 01:00:00", "n_likes": 2, "price": 200}
    ]

    load --table Logs_20170416
    [
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/16 10:00:00", "n_likes": 1, "price": 200},
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/16 11:00:00", "n_likes": 2, "price": 300},
    {"timestamp": "2017/04/16 11:00:00", "n_likes": 1, "price": 300}
    ]

    logical_count Logs \
      --shard_key timestamp \
      --columns[count].stage initial \
      --columns[count].type UInt32 \
      --columns[count].flags COLUMN_SCALAR \
      --columns[count].value 'window_count()' \
      --columns[count].window.group_keys price \
      --filter 'count >= 1'
    # [
    #   [
    #     0,
    #     0.0,
    #     0.0
    #   ],
    #   [
    #     4
    #   ]
    # ]

#### 7.3.31.4.5.1. `columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys in select. See columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys for details.

You must specify columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys or columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys to use window function.

Here is an example that computes cumulative sum per `Entries.tag`. Each group is sorted by `Entries._key`:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag].stage initial \
      --columns[n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag].type UInt32 \
      --columns[n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag].value 'window_sum(n_likes)' \
      --columns[n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag].window.sort_keys _key \
      --columns[n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag].window.group_keys tag \
      --filter 'n_likes_cumulative_sum_per_tag > 5'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 3]

#### 7.3.31.4.5.2. `columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys`

New in version 7.0.9.

Corresponds to columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys in select. See columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys for details.

You must specify columns[${NAME}].window.sort_keys or columns[${NAME}].window.group_keys to use window function.

Here is an example that computes sum per `Entries.tag`:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].stage initial \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].type UInt32 \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].value 'window_sum(n_likes)' \
      --columns[n_likes_sum_per_tag].window.group_keys tag \
      --filter 'n_likes_sum_per_tag > 5'
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 4]

### 7.3.31.4.6. Cache related parameter

#### 7.3.31.4.6.1. `cache`

Specifies whether caching the result of this query or not.

If the result of this query is cached, the next same query returns response quickly by using the cache.

It doesn’t control whether existing cached result is used or not.

Here are available values:

Value | Description
--- | ---
`no` | Don’t cache the output of this query.
`yes` | Cache the output of this query. It’s the default value.

Here is an example to disable caching the result of this query:

Execution example:

    logical_count \
      --logical_table Entries \
      --shard_key created_at \
      --cache no
    # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 5]

The default value is `yes`.

## 7.3.31.5. Return value

The command returns a response with the following format:

    [HEADER, N_HITS]

If the command fails, error details are in `HEADER`.

See Output format for `HEADER`.

`N_HITS` is the number of matched records.